Masoud Haji Rasouli

Summary  
The ancient sport or zurkhaneh is one of the oldest and at the same time the most complete It is a world sport that is intertwined with the ethnic, national, mythological and religious culture of Iranians and includes various movements, each of which is performed with a tool similar to one of the war tools of ancient times. Accurately performing various ancient sports movements can strengthen the body in general, while performing simple yet important movements such as holding hands, swimming, or wheeling, or brushing, etc. . . It doesn't need expensive tools and a special place, and anyone can do this sport with minimal facilities . and reciting epic, religious and mystical poems written by  (Murshid) is performed in tandem and it has been proven that the music of Murshid determines the rhythm, speed, intensity and sequence of the movements and will cause movement coordination between the athletes, but in this case, the music is powerful in terms of strength and endurance. There has been no research on what effect it has on the muscularity of athletes.   
Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effect of Zorkhaneh music on the level of performance of athletes in the youth age groups. and adults  It was designed and implemented in a preliminary (Pilot). 
Statistical samples include 12 ancient middle-aged workers and Full of experience with an average age of 4.6±2.47 and a history of sports 2.8  ±3/27 years and 15 ancient young workers with an average age of 2.6 ±2/17 and sports history          1/2 ±1/3 years, when for various reasons, 2 people from the first group and 3 people from the second group They were excluded from the study. Both groups were tested separately for one year. In order to equalize the conditions of the subjects, the test was held in the evening of a holiday and to ensure that they had enough sleep and rest. All samples used the same breakfast and lunch prepared under the supervision of the researcher. Each sample performed the correct movement 3 times with sufficient time interval under the supervision of 2 referees without using forced music and beating until exhaustion and the number of correct movements was recorded. The average movements of each sample and the average movements performed by each group were calculated. In the adult group, 49 pairs and in the youth group, 41 pairs were the average performance without using music. The test was repeated on the following Friday using the Zorkhane music tape and under the same conditions, and the adult group achieved an average of 68 pairs and the youth group achieved an average of 62 pairs of correct desires. 
The results were evaluated by Will-Cox test and t paired test and showed that music     Zorkhane has significantly had a positive effect on increasing the performance of both groups of athletes.    (0.01 P<)
The comparison between the two groups showed that Zorkhanei music had an effect on increasing the performance of the youth group more than the adults, although this effect is not significant. . It is suggested that this research be repeated in larger groups and by doing all the ancient sports movements and under the same biological conditions.  


Introduction 
Music and its effect on living beings, including humans, is an old subject and is as old as human history. < /span>
Early humans were always influenced by the natural sounds in their environment.      ;  Gentle blowing of wind, storm, thunder, roaring of violent sea waves, howling of animals, sound of birds and even the heavy silence of winter nights caused people to achieve opposite mental states from fear and terror to peace and joy with the advancement of civilization and The creation of civil societies and inspired by the sound of nature in every climate, instruments for producing suitable sounds were invented and expanded, and with the progress and evolution of instruments, music and the harmony of several instruments were gradually formed in different tribes in recent centuries, when it became possible to conduct scientific research. A lot of research was done on the effect of appropriate music on humans and then on animals and plants, and the tremendous effects of different types of music on psychological and physical parameters.The brains of living organisms were measured and in a general and final review, it was concluded that music or any kind of rhythm can increase the ability and coordination of human movement by directly influencing the right hemisphere and transferring the resulting effect through brain fascicles to the left hemisphere. be effective.  This effect has been proven and used thousands of years ago in military marches and drumming during war. Playing military anthems makes soldiers walk longer distances easily. Epic music increases the sense of courage and zeal in warriors. 
It has been shown in several researches that playing suitable music  The lactation rate of some animals increases significantly, and it was shown in other researches that playing suitable music     It can have a great effect on the growth and development of plants. 
Research on the performance of athletes does not have a long history.  
 The first articles published in the field of music and its effect on the performance of athletes were published in 1955 by a French psychiatrist named Dr. ‹‹ Tomatis ››  Prepared and published. After that, many researches were conducted in different countries and the results of the vast majority of these researches showed that the right music has a positive effect on increasing the ability of athletes.
  On the other hand, old doctors came to believe that music can cure various diseases, and in this way, by making rhythmic movements, playing musical instruments, and dancing around the patient, they cured the disease . 
movement therapy or in other words dance therapy, which is a type of rhythmic movements combined with sound, causes changes in the patient's feelings, perceptions and imaginations and causes subsequent physical and behavioral changes.   brings . Playing soothing music and performing rhythmic movements will provide a basis for reducing anxiety, pain, stress and tension and will replace painkillers and painkillers to some extent. 
On the other hand, fast and happy music excites the patients suffering from depression and despair and increases their hope and motivation. According to some adults, it may be irritating and irritating, but for the baby it is a means of self-expression and expression of feelings, and for the mother it is a reassuring and beautiful sound. In 1993, researchers at the University of Michigan showed that listening to 15 minutes of suitable music can increase                    Interleukins in the blood increased from 12.5% ​​to 4%, and as a result, the immunity level of the body increased. 
Johns Hopkins University researchers showed that playing fast music And excitement causes more food consumption, and playing soft and quiet music increases the time of chewing food, and as a result, people consume and receive less food .  < /span>
Alvin-1996 and before that Sullivan-1994 investigated the effect of music in the treatment of brain and heart patients. Soft and appropriate music reduced blood pressure, heart rate and free fatty acid levels.  
In Iran, since the early 70s, numerous researches on the effect Music was performed on the treatment of patients, some of the most important of them are listed in the attached table. However, no research has been done on the effect of music on sports in Iran. Therefore, the researcher decided to evaluate the effect of the sound of music on the level of physiological ability of athletes by using Zorkhaneh music, which is a well-known national and religious music.


Statement of the problem
Music as a common phenomenon in developed countries is used as an effective factor in treating diseases or increasing the performance of athletes. Despite the fact that Iran has a long historical background, marches and musical whistles have been used in the army for centuries, and it has been a strong national sport for centuries. whose movements are performed with a certain type of music, but Iranian sports coaches and practitioners have not come to believe that the right music can affect the performance of athletes, and in this way, no systematic and coherent scientific research has been done. dir="LTR"> . 
Therefore, it seems that research on music and its effect on the neuro-muscular system of athletes can pave the way for wider research  be in all sports fields.

The importance and necessity of research ــــــــ< /strong>
  Due to the great influence of suitable music  Regarding the performance of the athletes, it seems that conducting a research regarding the psychological and social characteristics of Iranian athletes to investigate the effect of the permitted and existing music on the performance of the athletes can be useful and effective to improve their ability level. Therefore, this research aims to investigate Zorkhanei music on the performance of ancient athletes working with SIranian abqa was designed in the movement of desire, and if the effect is proven, it will be extended to other ancient sports movements, and finally, the effect of music on other athletes  Other sports should be tested.




 Society Statistics
The statistical population of this test were all middle-aged and young ancient athletes, who randomly selected 12 middle-aged ancient athletes with an average age of 6.4   ±2/47 and sports history 2/8   ±3/27  and 15 ancient young workers with an average age of 2.6 ± 2/17 years and sports experience 1/2   ±3.11 years were selected as statistical samples .